Turkey Lurkey, Goosey Poosey

You know what I'm thankful for on this Thanksgiving Day...? A whole shitload of stuff...

I'm thankful for all the amazing artists I get to work with show after show, the smart, talented, fearless, humble artists who follow me into one ridiculous adventure after another. Sometimes I wonder why it is that our actors trust me as much as they do. I think it's partly that New Line is 23 years old and I'm almost 50, so I've sort of "earned" it. But it's also because I think our actors know that I have their back. They can tell how much I believe in them, how much I love watching them work, how much they are the center of our work.

You can do a show without sets or lights, but not without actors.

But I also get to work with some amazing designers who do wonderful work for us, show after show, and amazing musicians, who handle some of of the most complex music ever written for the stage, and I'm very thankful for all of them. It thrills me every day that our art form is evolving and changing, but that also means that playing the Next to Normal score is about thirty times harder than any Rodgers & Hammerstein score. Thank god we work with first-rate musicians.

I'm thankful beyond words for New Line's audiences. I can't tell you how wonderful it is to put together wild, weird, mind-blowing musicals for audiences who will rise to any challenge we throw at them, who go on one adventure after another with us, who trust us, who come back season after season, even if they don't love a particular show, because they know we'll always give them a hell of a ride. I recently posted on our Facebook page a question asking "What's your favorite show you've ever seen at New Line?" To my great surprise, we got about 25 responses, naming about 20 different shows. If that many different shows are people's favorites, that means we're really doing something right. It means our work really speaks to and connects with our audience. It's so thrilling to see an entire audience leaning forward during Night of the Living Dead, or hear an entire audience burst into laughter during "Girl, Can I Kiss You with Tongue" in Cry-Baby.

I'm so thankful for all the institutions that keep us afloat: Washington University for letting us use this theatre space for ridiculously low rent; and our funders, the Regional Arts Commission, the Missouri Arts Council, and the Fox Performing Arts Charitable Foundation, among others.

And I'm deeply thankful for all the people who donate to New Line, who believe so much in our work and our philosophy that they're willing to give us their hard-earned money, to invest in our work. These people know how important art and storytelling are to our culture, and they genuinely believe in us. It's humbling.

Maybe most of all, I am sooooo thankful to all the brilliant musical theatre artists who write these brilliant, fearless musicals we produce. We're so lucky to be able to work on shows like Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson, Next to Normal, Bukowsical, Night of the Living Dead, Passing Strange, High Fidelity, Cry-Baby, bare, Spelling Bee, Love Kills, and so many others.

If I step back and look at the Big Picture, what I'm most thankful for is that the experiment that is New Line Theatre has worked. We prove every season that our art form really is more adventurous, more fearless, and more exciting than it's ever been before. We prove that art doesn't have to be bland or "commercial" to connect with audiences. We prove that musical theatre is as serious and as versatile an art form as any other. We prove that audiences love being challenged, that they like surprises, that they don't just want to see the same shows they've been seeing for the last fifty years, that in the end what audiences want most is not to be placated or reassured or coddled but to feel a connection.

Everything that I argue in my books and here on this blog, about this new Golden Age of musical theatre we're in the midst of, about the end of the last remnants of the Rodgers & Hammerstein era, about why today's work is so much cooler and more exciting than what came before, all of that is being proven true season after season by New Line and its audiences. I'm truly grateful that I live right now, in this amazing, thrilling period in our art form, in this incredibly pivotal moment in our national history, and that I get to see all this happening from the inside.

I think it was just a happy accident that my artistic life and this new era in musical theatre lined up so perfectly, that I was itching for more at the same moment that some of the art forms greatest artists felt that same wanderlust. We started New Line in 1991 and this new Golden Age arguably started that same year, with Sondheim's Assassins. We don't get any credit for this fundamental paradigm shift in our art form, but we were in on the ground floor.

Every once in a while, when I'm having a bad day, or I'm worried over New Line's bank balance, I stop and remind myself that I have the best job I could have ever imagined. I get to collaborate with artists at the very forefront of our art form, the men and women pushing us forward, taking us to whole new worlds of musical storytelling. Back in 1991, could any of us have imagined a show like Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson or Floyd Collins or Passing Strange or Hedwig and the Angry Inch?

The people writing all these incredible, original new shows are my heroes, and I am so very, very thankful that they live in this time and place and that they make great art for us New Liners to work on.

Happy Thanksgiving! And thank you, St. Louis!
Scott

Sunday in a Doc with George

Looking for a way to avoid the family during the holidays? Don't look at me like that – I know some of you are. Here are some excellent documentaries about the musical theatre that will be way more fun than arguing with Uncle Bert over Thanksgiving dinner about whether President Obama was born in Kenya and killed his gay lover in college...

Show Business – Filmed in 2004, this is a really smart, interesting documentary following four extremely varied Broadway musicals, Caroline or Change, Taboo, Avenue Q, and Wicked. We get glimpses into the artistic process as well as the business side, from rehearsals through to the Tony Awards. It's probably the best documentary I've seen about New York commercial musical theatre.

Original Cast Album–Company – This 1970 documentary was supposed to the first in a series, but there were never any others. It's a really cool, inside look at the process of recording the original cast album for Stephen Sondheim's conceptual masterpiece Company. It's the closest we'll ever get to seeing those original performances. If I had a time machine, it would be set for opening night of Company. To really understand what that history-changing experience was like would be so amazing. (My second stop in the time machine would be opening night of Follies.) This documentary has gained legendary status over the years, probably due in no small part to the legendary status of Company, and to Elaine Stritch's epic battle to record "The Ladies Who Lunch."



Not many people ever saw it, but there's a brilliant parody of the Company documentary, comedian Chris Elliott's Housewives: The Making of the Cast Album, in which Elliott, in Elaine Stritch drag, has a breakdown recording his big number, mirroring Stritch's difficulties with "The Ladies Who Lunch." This was one of a series of short films Elliott made for Late Night with David Letterman. Luckily for you, I was once an obsessive recorder of all things musical theatre, and so I have the Housewives mockumentary on video and I uploaded it to New Line's YouTube channel a while back.



Follies In Concert – In 1985, Sondheim and Friends decided they wanted a full recording of the Follies score, since the original cast album had left so much out. And that led to the idea of doing a concert performance and recording it live. Half of this film is a documentary about putting this concert together in a very short time frame, and the other half is highlights from the performance. Back when this film was first released, this was the closest we had gotten to experiencing the original. Now we have home movies of the original production on YouTube, but this is still a wonderful glimpse backstage and in the rehearsal hall with a truly all-star cast, including Mandy Patinkin, George Hearn, Barbara Cook, Carol Burnett, Betty Comden & Adolph Green, Liz Callaway, Howard McGillin, Liliane Montevecchi, Phyllis Newman, Mandy Patinkin, Lee Remick, and Elaine Stritch. My one complaint is Mandy's manic, masturbatory, and self-indulgent reinterpretation of "Buddy's Blues." Ack.

Broadway Musicals: A Jewish Legacy – This is a really good documentary, with interesting interviews, lots of performance footage, and an intelligent discussion of why so many Broadway artists were Jewish, and why the "Broadway sound" came out of Jewish music. If you're interested in the evolution of the art form, you'll want to watch this.

Hair: Let the Sun Shine In – This is a penetrating, intelligent look at this brilliant, ground-breaking, still profoundly relevant 60s concept musical about war, politics, love, drugs, sex, and our place in the world. The film includes interviews with the show's creators, producers, original cast members, and much more. (Full disclosure, I'm in the film a few times to talk about the show's historical, cultural, and political context, and they based the film loosely on my book Let the Sun Shine In: The Genius of Hair.) It's the only documentary I've ever seen that digs into just one musical, from various points of view. I've discovered it's an amazing way to introduce a cast of actors to Hair before they start work on it.

Broadway: The American Musical – This 2004 documentary series is good but flawed. I have no idea why they spend an entire episode on the Ziegfeld Follies (which has only minimal connection to the evolution of the musical), but leave out a lot of important, interesting, form-changing musicals. For someone who knows nothing about Broadway musicals, this is probably a good introduction, and it's got a lot of cool interviews and archival film footage.

Broadway: The Golden Age – This is another 2004 documentary, and though I really don't much like it, I thought I should mention it here, explain why I don't like it, and you can decide whether you want to see it. On the upside, there are some nice interviews with big names like Gwen Verdon, Carol Channing, Jerry Orbach, and others, and a little bit of period performance footage (mostly home movies), but it's hard for me to get through this film because the central premise of the film (unstated till the end) is that the 1950s and 60s were the pinnacle of American theatre and that where we are now sucks. This documentary maker says that Hair was the beginning of Broadway's downfall, so you can imagine just how full of shit I think he is.

If this were a film just of theatre memories (and much of it is), with a different title, that'd be different, but there's a value judgment attached here, an insular mindset that's telling the rest of us we'll never get it. If you do watch this, just don't watch the last fifteen minutes – titled "What Happened?" It'll just make you mad. Kitty Carlisle Hart declares that the American theatre was once great, "and it's gone." Yeah right, Kitty, the American theatre is gone. Shut up.

The actors interviewed in this film talk about the thrill of seeing Oklahoma! and Carousel, but surely their thrill couldn't have been greater than my own at seeing Ragtime, Rent, Noise/Funk, Bat Boy, Urinetown, A New Brain, Hedwig, The Scottsboro Boys, The Blue Flower, American Idiot, Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson... If the measure of a Golden Age is the thrill of lots of great, ground-breaking works of art, today's musical theatre has been kicking some golden ass since the mid-1990s.

Every Little Step – This is a really cool documentary about two Chorus Lines. We follow auditions for the 2006 revival of A Chorus Line, and we also get to explore the original 1975 production, including lots of performance footage and interviews with many of the people who created this masterpiece. A Chorus Line holds a very special place in my heart, as I suspect it does for many musical theatre artists, and this is the best exploration of this show I've ever seen.

Try to Remember: The Fantasticks – This is one of my favorite documentaries, taking a long, loving look at the longest running musical in the world, including some performance footage, tons of interviews with cast members past and present, including people like F. Murray Abraham. I'll admit that I often get choked up watching this film, and I'm not exactly sure why (okay, it also happens with Every Little Step). Maybe it's about the chance to step back in time to really see and understand these intensely American, genre-shattering masterworks, that I love and connect to so deeply.

Heart and Soul: The Music of Frank Loesser – This is a really great 2007 documentary about the composer-lyricist of How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, Guys and Dolls, Greenwillow, Where's Charley, and The Most Happy Fella, as well as a bunch of hit pop songs. This guy truly is one of the most original, most exciting writers our art form has had, and it's a real pleasure to explore his work and career.

Words and Music by Jerry Herman – This 2008 documentary explores the life and work of the songwriter who, even more than Rodgers & Hammerstein I think, embodies the first Golden Age of the American Musical, even though he really hit his stride at the very end of that period, with Hello, Dolly! in 1964. Herman was one of the very best at writing strong, old-school musical comedy scores (Mame, The Grand Tour, Mack & Mabel, La Cage aux Folles). I think he was every bit the equal of Cole Porter, and Herman arguably moved the craft even further along. This film is a really fun stroll through his career and his shows.

And as a side note – singer and historian Michael Feinstein did a three-episode documentary series called Michael Feinstein's American Songbook, and the third episode is about Broadway, including very cool footage of Angela Lansbury watching for the first time home movies of her performances in Mame and Gypsy. Pretty amazing. I bought the series just for that third episode, but you can buy just the third disc by itself on Amazon.

You're the Top: The Cole Porter Story – George M. Cohan invented musical comedy, but Cole Porter perfected it. Amazing, beautiful, rowdy, naughty, sophisticated musical comedy songs came pouring out of Porter like a fountain. And though he wrote some lesser scores, he also wrote Anything Goes and Kiss Me, Kate. People often talk about how amazing Irving Berlin was, but for my money he couldn't touch Porter.

Guys 'n Divas: Battle of the High School Musicals – This 2009 documentary is one of my favorites. It follows three high schools doing musicals in southern Indiana. One school is doing Zombie Prom, one school is doing Starmites, and one school is doing an original old-school operetta written by the drama teacher and music teacher, about a nineteenth-century Hawaiian princess. This film totally captures the experience of doing musicals in high school, and the friendly (and sometimes not-so) rivalry between the schools. It's so easy to see the Hawaiian show go off the tracks early on, when it becomes too much about the teacher and not enough about the kids. For someone who lived his life in the drama department in high school, this film is really fun to watch, but unfortunately it's never been released commercially. But it does show up on cable from time to time, so set an auto-record on your DVR...

Beyond these documentaries, there are also some other great resources on video, like the many Broadway musical performances on The Ed Sullivan Show, and the three volumes of Broadway's Lost Treasures, performances from the Tony Awards. Also, a lot of film musicals on DVD have behind-the-scenes featurettes.

And of course, lots of us musical theatre freaks have videos recorded from television of Charlie Rose's many interviews with Broadway artists (some of these are available on Amazon), A&E specials, PBS specials, and yes, I even have some musical theatre-related programs recorded from C-Span. Now that some companies are releasing musical theatre videos from the early days of television, I hope they start releasing some of these terrific documentaries and programs that have never gotten commercial releases, so more people can see them.

I did some lectures a few years ago to some college musical theatre majors about the history of the American musical theatre, and I was surprised to find that they knew virtually nothing about the history and evolution of their art form (one of the reasons I wrote my history book, Strike Up the Band). The better we understand where we came from, the better our work will be moving forward. After all, how can you get Urinetown right (and many productions don't) unless you understand Threepenny Opera? How can you work on a neo musical comedy like Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson or Bukowsical if you don't understand the old-school musical comedy of Cole Porter and Jerry Herman?

It's an amazing time to study the musical theatre right now because there are more resources available today than ever before – books, videos (including New Line's YouTube History of Musical Theatre which a lot of teachers are using now), audio recordings, and so much more. So dive in and enjoy!

Long Live the Musical!
Scott

God, I Hope I Get It

Auditions.

I think I hate them as much as actors do.

I hate them partly because they are barbaric. Playwright James Kirkwood once said, "I think the audition system, especially for musicals, is the closest thing to the Romans throwing the Christians to the lions. It really is brutal." The other reason I hate them is that auditions are often a crapshoot. You do your best to figure out who's right for each role, who will be good to work with, who will be open to trying crazy things, who will give the work everything they've got. But it's hard. We have a pretty great track record at New Line – it's rare that someone fools us in the audition and gets cast when they shouldn't – but it does happen.

What makes it even worse are the bizarre types we see at every audition, none of whom have ever seen our Audition Tips page apparently. So as a public service (and yes, also as a public shaming, because negative reinforcement works), here are a handful of the crazy types we encounter during our audition process. The names have been changed to protect the clueless.

This may sound a little hostile, but just keep in mind that we have to sit through all this, audition after audition, year after year. Mocking these people is my therapy.

The Merman – This type of actor believes that REALLY LOUD is Best. (Helpful Hint: It's not.) They literally stand in front of us and scream their song at us. I don't mean they sing loud; they scream. Sometimes, if we're lucky, there is pitch involved, but often there isn't. They just yell at us. It's mostly women who do this, only occasionally men. Don't scream at us. You're hurting our ears and we will not cast you. I think we have American Idol to blame for this.

The Pirelli – These are the people who rewrite the end of their song so they can show off their high note. I hate that. It's masturbatory and it doesn't impress me. We're not looking for "money notes;" we're looking for actors. And beyond that, as someone who deeply loves the musical theatre, I hate the lack of respect these people show in rewriting someone else's work just because they think they're hot shit. In most cases, that'll get you crossed off our list immediately. And almost none of the people who do this are actually hot shit. Here's my question to these folks: If you don't respect the song you audition with, why should we think you'll respect the material we'll be working on? The song is not yours to rewrite.

And can we all please agree – from now on, no more going for the money note at the end of "The Impossible Dream"! It's not written that way. There's no high note at the end. This song is not meant to be a kick-ass show-off piece. It's not meant to be loud or big. It's a prayer, in the dead of night, in an empty courtyard. It's a song about humility, about living a worthy life. Anybody who sings this song like it's an American Idol audition doesn't understand what they're singing. You can read my more detailed argument about this here.

The Spin Doctor – These people walk in cataloging for us all their health issues, sometimes in agonizing detail worthy of George Romero, you know, just as a friendly warning that they won't be singing very well today. Then go home and come back when you'll sing well – we do musicals. I guess they want us to hear them audition, imagine how much better they must be when they're well, and then hand them a lead on that basis. Ummm... No.

The Roseanne-ti-Christ – These folks are totally, literally tone-deaf and they have no idea. During our last auditions, one woman sang her entire song about a fourth below the melody. Another pretty much just droned on a single note (I'm being charitable in calling it a "note") for the whole song. I guess most people who are tone-deaf don't know they're tone-deaf because... well, because they're tone-deaf. But it sure is torture to listen to.

The Brad Majors – These are the people who are just fundamentally clueless. They have no idea how to audition for a musical (you'd think that's information you'd want to have before, I don't know, auditioning for a musical). These folks hand our accompanist (who is me, sometimes) the most awful shit – lead sheet (vocal line without a piano part), loose sheets of music (often curled so they won't sit on the music stand), kiddie "simple" piano arrangements, etc. Actors really need to read the instructions on our Auditions page before they audition for us.

The Cockeyed Optimist – We get a lot of these. This might be a subset of the Brad Majors. They find sheet music for their song online, they find a recording of their song online, but they never bother to check if the two match, and they never ask anyone to play through the piano accompaniment to see if it's what they think it is. It usually isn't. And they find that out only as they audition for us. These are the same people who'll put monstrously difficult piano parts in front of a stranger to sightread for them, at the moment when they're trying to look and sound their very best.

The Rock Star – Since we do a lot of rock musicals, we see this type a lot. They bring in an actual rock song (even though our instructions ask for a theatre song) to show us how killer they are singing rock and roll. Unfortunately, most rock songs sound pretty lame with just solo piano, so they end up looking more like a kid in his bedroom than a rock star. They think that because their friends are impressed by them at karaoke, when everybody's hammered, that we will be too. But we're almost never impressed by these folks, because we're almost never hammered at auditions. This isn't about being Kurt Cobain; it's about storytelling.

The Coneybear – These are the folks who just want to do a show, any show really, and they don't know anything about the show they're auditioning for, no idea if they're right for it, no idea what the roles are, etc. They just like doing shows. And because of their cluelessness, they always tend to bring a really inappropriate song. We always know we've got a Leaf Coneybear when they start singing a Rodgers & Hammerstein song for us. NEXT...!

The Guiteau – These are the self-deluded 45-year-olds who think they can play a lead in Rent or bare, and the 18-year-olds who think they can play a character in his 50s. Maybe in high school, not in professional theatre. Again, more women than men seem to have this problem, perhaps because lots of women think we really can't tell how old they are. We usually can. These are also the people who see that the audition includes a choreography audition and they have three left feet, but they audition anyway, do terribly, and then feel terribly wronged when they aren't cast because they know just how awesome they actually are.

The Meadowlark – We don't usually restrict an auditioning actor to only 16 bars of music to sing, as many big companies do (because they have to see more actors than we do), but sometimes actors take advantage of our loose rules, and they bring in a whole song, a really long, repetitious song, in which they sing the same chorus three times and of course it's exactly the same every single time. Often, it's not even a theatre song. And it's really annoying to sit through, because we can't tell if this person can act a song, because there's nothing there to act. At some point, I'll stop them, and then they'll get pissed because they didn't get to the Money Note they rewrote at the end. Here's another helpful hint: Don't sing the same verse or chorus twice unless it's different the second time. And if you sing it a third time, I might slap you.

The Cassie Clone – These are the folks who are determined to "stage" their audition song. I'll never forget one woman years ago who auditioned with "Send in the Clowns," and spent her entire audition walking in circles. Others come in with dance moves, obviously practiced gestures and facial expressions. Believe me, folks, nothing looks dumber. Have you seen Waiting for Guffman? We want to know if you can sing and act a song, and we don't care how well (or in most cases, how badly) you can stage a song. And you're not Donna McKechnie.

The Patty Simcox – These are the folks who call me after the audition to ask for feedback and advice, though they're really just looking for praise and an explanation for our inexplicable decision not to cast them, or even worse, to cast them in the ensemble when they know they're perfect for the lead. When I give them my opinion, they tell me I'm wrong and start an argument with me. If you don't want my opinion, don't ask. But DON'T ARGUE WITH ME about it...

Now in all fairness to the St. Louis theatre community, we also get a lot of amazing people auditioning for us – they're the ones we end up casting. We saw so many outstanding actors at the Rent auditions, far more than we had room for in the show, and that's also a downside to casting a show. You may see someone who's really wonderful, but doesn't quite fit any of the roles (or there are others who fit them better), but it's so hard to "reject" these talented folks. When we don't cast them, I hope that they'll audition again for us, for a show where we can find a spot for them, but I always worry that once we turn them away, they may not return...

Casting a show is so hard, and it's a miracle that it works out so well so much of the time. We just put together incredible casts for both Rent and Hands on a Hardbody, and I could not be more psyched about both casts, chock full of cool, interesting, talented people. About two-thirds of the Rent cast is new folks, and that's very cool.

The next New Line audition will be in June, for our fall show, which hasn't been announced yet, but suffice to say it has an ampersand in the title...

Long Live the Musical!
Scott

Naughty, Bawdy, Gaudy, Sporty 42nd Street

I love 42nd Street.

You can go ahead and pick your jaw up off the floor now. People think I only like really dark subject matter, and while I do love that, what I love most is truthfulness. I love shows that tell the truth about people and human relationships, about love and other emotions, about how people conform, or don't, to the world around them. If you don't know 42nd Street, you may be surprised to learn that the central plot has virtually nothing to do with romantic love; this is a story about the love of theatre, and even more specifically, the love of musical theatre.

How could I not love this show?

I first saw 42nd Street on Broadway with the original cast when I was a junior in high school. It was my first trip to New York, and I saw six shows that week, also including The Pirates of Penzance, Barnum, A Day in Hollywood/A Night in the Ukraine, Evita, and A Chorus Line (all original casts except for A Chorus Line). 42nd Street was the last one, and it blew me away. The cast was amazing – Jerry Orbach, Lee Roy Reams, Tammy Grimes, Wanda Richert, and it was directed and choreographed by the legendary Gower Champion.

Experiencing this old-school musical in the beautiful old Majestic Theatre, it was like I had gone back in time to the 1930s to see a quintessential musical comedy at the peak of the form, almost as cool as being able to see opening night of Anything Goes or No, No, Nanette. Gower Champion was my Way Back Machine, the link between Then and Now, and though he had died by the time I saw the show (he died the afternoon of opening night), he did me one of the greatest favors of my life. I really understood old-school musical comedy for the first time after seeing that show – not the caricatures and spoofs of musical comedy, like Dames at Sea, but the real thing, the pure American art form created by George M. Cohan at the turn of the last century, perfected by George Abbott, and today in this new century, being reinvented by a new crop of brilliant, adventurous writers as the neo musical comedy.

42nd Street was old-school but it wasn't stupid or empty-headed. It wasn't trivial. It was smart and (for the 1930s) street-wise, with the Depression and unemployment hovering over everything. Now, having written a musical theatre history book, I know that many of the most successful musical comedies of the 1920s and 30s were not the idiotic stereotype we now think of as old-school musical comedy. Many were very clever, very original, very insightful in their subtle (and not so subtle) social satire, a quirky blend of cynicism and romanticism. No, No, Nanette can be taken as pure cotton candy, but if you want to see it, there's plenty of social commentary there about America's increasingly unhealthy relationship with money in the 1920s. In fact, that relationship with money related directly to the causes of the collapse of the economy four years later in 1929. It was a "light" musical comedy and also a clear-eyed, sharp-witted satire.

Admittedly, 42nd Street on stage wasn't complex in the way most contemporary musicals are; it was more like the 1930s shows it was imitating. But it was also a fable about accepting the path in front of you and throwing yourself into it with all your might. It was a hero myth, though I didn't know what that was when I first saw the show. And that original cast took it seriously. Far from the stereotype of blissful (and phony) naivete, a lot of these early shows were street smart, tough, and a little horny. George M. Cohan's early musical comedies offended a lot of people because they were brash and aggressive and slangy, in a era when European operetta was still the dominant form. 42nd Street's style was the kind of enormous but truthful style I thought I had learned from Little Shop, Bat Boy, and Urinetown, but now I realize I learned it from 42nd Street and the revival of The Pirates of Penzance. These two shows I saw on my first trip to New York would shape my entire artistic life.

I feel so lucky to have gotten that rare glimpse into my artistic roots. At that point in 1981, I had no idea American musical comedy would return in the 1990s as the neo musical comedy. I had no idea I'd be running an alternative musical theatre company. I had no idea that musical comedy would reemerge with such force in this new century. Who could have foreseen Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson or Spelling Bee?

Seeing 42nd Street taught me so much about style, tone, size, energy, pacing, and that delicate tightrope between emotional honesty and musical comedy's exaggerated, self-aware style. It gave me a remarkably authentic look at the early art form, from the mind of someone who remembered.

Over the years, New Line has developed its own style of performance, its own personality – very aggressive, very intimate, very honest, very adult, outrageous, even vulgar, but also serious-minded, and anchored by a phrase coined by one of the Bat Boy writers, “the height of expression, the depth of sincerity.” The canvas is bigger, the colors richer, the brushstrokes more expansive, but the image is no less true, the details no less real, the textures no less subtle. Theatre scholar Tom Oppenheim writes in the outstanding book Training of the American Actor about the great acting teacher Stella Adler, "Stella insisted that characters must be multidimensional and grounded in oneself. They must be real human beings. But she does not shy away from painting characters in broad strokes. While she demands truth, she never shies away from size."

But where did we learn all that? From George M. Cohan, by way of George Abbott and Gower Champion.

And yet, as much as I love this show – particularly Gower Champion's original production – my feelings about it have changed a bit since I read Bradford Ropes' original 42nd Street novel. The story of the film and the stage musical is really just the last section of the novel, the rest of which is very dark and very adult, and much more about the sordid, fucked-up personal lives of the show's cast and crew, rather than about the opening of Pretty Lady.

It's a really terrific novel, fast-paced, funny, cynical, vulgar, nasty, incestuous, truthful, sad, wry, emotional, all underlined throughout with copious amounts of sex and booze. Like The Wild Party, it's a story about people who live outside mainstream cultural and moral norms, these creative (and often crazy and damaged) artists who have powerful drives and even more powerful insecurities. The theatre has no glamour in the novel; it's just what these people do for a living, and it's hard work. Characters in the film and stage musical get drunk; characters in the novel are alcoholics. In the film and stage show, they make references to "Anytime" Annie's easy morality; in the novel, these people are all sleeping around, including the married ones. In the film and show, Billy Lawlor is an amiable skirt chaser; in the novel, he's director Julian Marsh's pampered boyfriend.

I wish someone like Andrew Lippa or Kyle Jarrow would write an original musical that's really based on the novel. Maybe they could call it 42nd Street After Dark or something...

It's the most fun novel I've ever read about show business. Unfortunately, the novel is out of print, but you can still get it through inter-library loan. There are used copies on Amazon but they're expensive. I contacted one of those publishers who takes famous out-of-print books and re-releases them, and asked them to publish 42nd Street. No idea if they will. They said they'd look into it.

I have a bootleg video (from Japanese TV, I think) of the original production of 42nd Street, with some of the original leads still in it, though not Jerry Orbach or Wanda Richert. It's so wonderful to be able to (mostly) re-experience that night in 1981 when I first got a glimpse into authentic classic American musical comedy.

People think of me as the guy who only likes musicals with the word fuck in them. But though my taste does run to the Dark Side, I don't think most folks understand how adult, how cynical, and how subtly political many of the early musical comedies were. But beyond that, I will always love 42nd Street mostly because at its core, it's about how hard it is to do what we do – making art, telling stories – and how deeply and desperately we need to do it. (And, of course, who among us hasn't witnessed an ugly, drunken confrontation at a cast party?) Though the story of Peggy Sawyer is an exaggerated one, it's not a fabrication.

When we did Kiss of the Spider Woman, Scott Tripp had to step into the huge leading role of Molina a week before opening, learn songs, scenes, staging, choreography. And then he thrilled the critics and our audiences.

Making musicals takes everything out of you, leaving nothing but an exhausted shell on closing night. It requires an extraordinary amount of energy. But it's also more exhilarating – every single time – than anything else I've ever done in my life. By a mile. And the novel and the show really capture that. Just like me and my New Liners, these characters can't really do anything else – they have to make musicals. It's who they are.

As I often remind people, research shows that pot is not addictive. But musicals are.

Long live the Musical!
Scott

Tomorrow is a Latter Day

There are a handful of musicals I would really like to work on someday, but each one carries a challenge that I haven't figured out yet...

Not long ago I did a blog post about fifteen wonderful shows that New Line has produced that I wish more companies would produce. (You can add Night of the Living Dead to that list now.) Most of the shows on that list are relatively recent shows, but there are also quite a few older musicals that I'd love to produce – in most cases, shows that were not made to be New Line shows but that could be shrunk down and more focused on their dark, interesting content.

We've done it before. We did Camelot in 1998 in the 150-seat St. Marcus Theatre, as just an intimate story about the political ramifications of a tragic love triangle. We produced Man of La Mancha, which really was a New Line-type show originally though it's been commercialized and dumbed down over the years. We returned Sweeney Todd to Sondheim's preferred chamber musical scale. And we've done shows that everyone thinks of as mainstream even though they were really very New Liney in their original productions, like Grease and The Fantasticks.

But there are still a number of shows I really want to figure out how to translate into our language, style, and scale, shows whose original scale is old-school Broadway but whose content is full-out New Line.

Anything Goes was the first Broadway musical I ever got to be in (not on Broadway, mind you, just the Affton High School stage), my freshman year in high school. I was the bishop who gets arrested in the first scene, and then I was in the tap chorus. I fell in love with the show, with its smartass lyrics, its jazzy, romantic, slangy songs, its wacky, Marx Brothers style anarchy, and its sly social satire about Americans making celebrities out of criminals, and about religion becoming show biz. In many ways, it's a lot like Cry-Baby – high-energy, fast-paced, darkly satirical, Fourth Wall-busting, and yet also strangely sincere and honest emotionally. And the score is a catalog of Cole Porter hits, many of which are still really funny all these years later, and his music still sounds sophisticated and original. I might even go so far as to say that Anything Goes is a masterpiece of early musical comedy. People won't think Anything Goes is a New Line show until we do it, and then it'll be really obvious. Same thing happened with The Fantasticks.

Pal Joey is the darkest, most R-rated of the classic musical comedies, so of course I'm drawn to it. The story is about a mediocre nightclub performer who serially uses women. Early in the show, he stumbles into being a rich woman's kept man, while he's also wooing a Good Girl. Lots of sexual metaphors later, all hell breaks loose, he loses everything, and as the final curtain falls, he goes off after his next "mouse." Richard Rodgers said about the story, “They were all bad people. Except the girl. And she was stupid.” Critic Walter Kerr wrote in the New York Herald-Tribune that Pal Joey was “one of the shrewdest, toughest, and in a way most literate books ever written for musical comedy.” In the New York Post, Richard Watts said the show was “revolutionary in its toughness and scorn for musical comedy sentimentality. To tell the truth, it shocked people because it took as its central figures a kept man and rich woman who kept him, and it didn’t molest him with moral disapproval.” As you can see, it's exactly my kind of show. But I hesitate because as much as I like the score, it's very old-fashioned. I'm just not sure how well it would connect with a contemporary audience. Maybe they would just hear it as a "period" score, and accept it as such. I'm not sure. I don't know why I worry about this score, but not so much about Anything Goes.

Zorbá is a Kander & Ebb concept musical, based on the famous novel and film Zorbá the Greek. It's a story about a young intellectual who is taught how to embrace life by the loud, brash, folk philosopher Zorbá. The message of the show, at least as I read it, is that life is both good and bad, easy and hard, joyful and sad; and you can't only embrace the good part. You have to fully embrace all of life, if you want to live fully. I love that idea. The score is amazing – imagine Chicago and Cabaret, in Greece – and it's got one of those world-famous vamps that open both Chicago and Cabaret. It's a wonderful show, cynical and big-hearted at the same time, everything I think theatre should be, deep, funny, joyful, sad, exuberant, insightful. Though the original cast was much larger than we can use, the style of the show is very much like the work we do, very minimalist, very Brechtian, very impressionistic; in fact, now that I think about, a lot like the way we staged Evita. I wasn't conscious of using Zorbá as a model, but maybe I was. We will do this show.

1776 is one of my favorite shows ever, and I'd kill to work on it, but not until we're back in a blackbox theatre again. I want to set up the audience on three sides of the Congress, literally just a foot or so from the playing space. I was even toying with the idea of letting audience sit in empty chairs in the Congress, but I think that could cause us problems we don't need. It has to be a bigger cast than we usual hire, but I would deal with it if I could do this show. For me, this show is about strong, complex, honest acting, above all else, but it also needs to be passionate and rowdy and angry. These men have to be real and the stakes have to be really high. One of these days...

Little Me is sort of one of those big, old-fashioned musical comedies, but it's also kind of subversive and kind of meta. We'd have to shrink it down considerably for New Line, but it's one of the funniest shows I've ever seen and I'd love to play for a few months in this world. The music is by Cy Coleman (Sweet Charity, Will Rogers Follies, Barnum, I Love My Wife, The Life, City of Angels) at his finest and funniest, and the book is by Neil Simon. It's an outrageous, fake autobiography (the source novel is from the author of Auntie Mame), about a woman who marries a series of seven men, all of whom die and leave her money. The catch is that all seven men are played by one actor – Sid Caesar originally, Donald O'Connor when I saw it at the Muny. It's a brilliant, wacky, deliciously subversive show, but it's also really entertaining, high-energy, lots of jokes, several big dance numbers. And the male lead is just made for Zak Farmer.

How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying will always be one of my favorite musicals ever. It's one of the nastiest satires the musical stage has seen, just as funny as Urinetown, but a lot meaner. Frank Loesser's amazingly original score is very cool jazz, both quirky and muscular, and it's one of the few theatre scores in which the music itself is often really funny. Originally, the show was done visually as a cartoon, but since it's set in 1961, I want to give it an even darker tint and make it look and feel more like Mad Men. Rather than a subversive cartoon, I want to make it a Brechtian social satire. I've thought about this since the first year Mad Men was on, and I really think the script and score would work beautifully this way.

Promises, Promises is another of my all-time favorite musicals. The score by the genius Burt Bacharach and Hal David is electrifying, and it sounds unlike any other theatre score ever written – gorgeous, jumpy, smartass, vulgar, aching, urban, conflicted, complicated. Based on the very dark film The Apartment, the show tells us the story of junior executive Chuck who loans his apartment key to his bosses for their affairs, in hopes of moving up the corporate ladder. Finally he meets the girl of his dreams but his boss is already taking her to Chuck's apartment on a weekly basis. The script by Neil Simon breaks the Fourth Wall in such an original way, with Chuck narrating the story. Like High Fidelity, Promises, Promises is a very sad, serious story that has a lot of laughs, full of moral ambiguity and the complexity of human emotion. I think this show is a genuine masterpiece. It was also a pretty big show on Broadway, and I still haven't figured out how to shrink it without losing anything. We will do this show, no doubt in my mind.

Mack & Mabel is such a great, complicated show. It's Jerry Herman's masterpiece, about the troubled relationship between genius early filmmaker Mack Sennett and his star Mabel Normand. It's every bit an old-school Jerry Herman musical, like Herman's Hello, Dolly!, Mame, and La Cage aux Folles. But it's also as emotionally dark and dense as Sondheim's Follies. It's got some flaws, but that's never stopped us. It's a really beautifully crafted, sophisticated, adult piece of musical theatre. Again, the original was a big show, but beyond that, there are also a bunch of tap dance numbers. We don't shy away from shows with dance (The Wild Party, Chicago, Kiss of the Spider Woman, Urinetown, Cry-Baby), but tap dance is something else again.

To be honest, I was afraid of doing The Wild Party for years, until one year, I just wasn't anymore. That'll probably happen with Mack & Mabel.

Finian's Rainbow is another show that's a totally old-fashioned, mid-century musical, but it's also biting social commentary and pointed political satire. It tackles both race and wealth inequality. And it doesn't just tackle race; it jumps headfirst into it. It's hilarious, it's subversive, it's confrontational, it's political, it's everything I dream about in a musical. But it's also really large, and in this show, the Community is such a central character – how do you tell the story without them? It's the same reason I don't know how to do Ragtime, as much as I would love to. And there are essentially two parallel stories, so there are a lot of characters, including a racist Senator who gets accidentally turned black by an ill-aimed wish. In the original, they used blackface on a white actor; for a recent revival, they cast the role with two actors, so no one had to wear blackface...

Follies is a masterwork on a level all its own, truly one of the Great American Muscials. I've now been able to see about an hour of the original production on home movies, and I saw the show live on Broadway in 2001 and 2011, and also in London in 2002. All three productions were really wonderful, but from everyting I know, this last New York revival is really close to what the original was like, and it was extraordinary, often electrifying. It was a masterful production with a once-in-a-lifetime cast. It's a hard show to get right – the script and score are insanely complex and nuanced – but I think we could do it. I think I really understand exactly what makes this beautiful creature tick. But here's the thing: we can only do it in a proscenium house (preferably an old one) and with a full orchestra. You can't do Follies in miniature. Someday, I'm gonna figure out a way to get those two things. I hear someone may be buying the Orpheum Theatre downtown. That would be a cool place to do Follies... hint, hint...

(If you're a big Follies fan, check out this amazing article about the Follies film that was never made...)

No idea when we might do any of these shows, or when I might figure out how to shrink them or re-imagine them without doing them any damage, hopefully revealing something new and interesting about them, maybe something that's gotten lost over the years. Some of these shows just might not be built for that, but I'm betting some of them are.

Okay, I'll tell you a secret, but don't tell anyone... I think we may do one of the shows on this list next season. I haven't decided for sure, but I think I'm ready to tackle it. Stay tuned...

Long Live the Musical!
Scott

This is the End of Broadcast

This is my love letter to St. Louis.

St. Louis really loves its musicals, and it's always been that way. I assume it's because of the Muny. I sometimes wonder if the Muny didn't exist, would my parents have known as many musicals, would our family have owned as many cast albums, would I have discovered and fallen in love with the musical theatre in my childhood, and would I be making musicals today...?

(And by the way, can I just say for the record that Mike Isaacson is the best thing that's ever happened to the Muny.)

There's a big musical theatre audience in St. Louis, enough to support touring shows at the Fox and the Peabody, and ninety-six seasons of the Muny, and Stages' sold-out runs, not to mention lots of great productions of musicals by local universities and community theatres. Lucky for us, there's a subset of that big audience who wants to see Spamalot at the Muny and also wants to see a serious zombie musical based on Night of the Living Dead.

I'm so grateful to everyone who came to see Night of the Living Dead (especially on game nights). Every night the audience was so fully engaged, many of them leaning forward a lot, and we could tell from their reactions how completely they bought into our story. We treated it like it was Albee or Miller, and the audience accepted that seriousness. So many people told me the show was not what they expected ("That's what we do," I sometimes responded), but their response to our show was not what I expected.

I knew the script and score were good. I knew we had a really strong cast, all of them fearless. But I'd never directed a horror musical before. I'd directed Sweeney Todd, but that has so many elements of musical comedy (not the least of which is the "townspeople" chorus), while Night of the Living Dead is a musical horror movie. Take pretty much everything funny out of Sweeney and you'll get a sense of NOTLD. But I didn't know a.) if people would take it seriously; b.) if it would be actually scary, like a good horror movie; and c.) if our audience would understand and accept the way the writers use music, which is sometimes very unconventional.

To our delight, the answer to all three was Yes. Every night.

The great director Gregory Mosher once said, "I have great faith in audiences. We only create problems when we treat them as customers instead of collaborators in an artistic process. . . We can let audiences down in all kinds of ways: by being dishonest with them, by betraying our own intentions and, therefore, betraying the audience's trust. All they ask the artists to do is what the artists want to do. Audiences say, 'I want to see what you want to show me.' " That's so true.

We had a bunch of repeat customers who all said it was just as scary the second time. And myself, even after seeing nine rehearsal run-throughs and twelve performances, I still noticeably tensed up every time the "power went out" and I still jumped a little every time the zombies started hitting the window and door. And I smiled every night as I watched the audience discover Karen in the cellar for the first time, all of them noticing her at different moments. It was also so cool every night during curtain call, when the actors would gesture back to the band, and the audience would cheer even more. The New Line Band gets a lotta love.

I loved how often Dowdy and Sarah, as Harry and Helen, got these very low, tense laughs from the audience, because it reassured us each night that the audience was following the characters and story. We were guaranteed one pretty hearty laugh every night – and I think the audience was grateful for the tension release...
HARRY: There’s got to be another gun here somewhere. Check the bedroom.
TOM: The bedroom?
HARRY: Helen keeps hers in the night stand.
BEN: Sounds like trouble waiting to happen.
HARRY: (searching) Nothing.
BEN: Not every married woman feels the need for a weapon next to their bed.
HARRY: It’s not just her; I have one too, on my side.
BEN: At least the odds are even.

Even though they're talking about guns, and even though we all think Harry might want a gun so he can shoot Ben, it is funny dialogue (if you're looking for it, it's also a nice metaphor for the War of the Sexes they were all in the midst of), but it's mostly funny because we've already met Harry and Helen, and in the hands of Dowdy and Sarah, they are as combustible a couple as you're likely to meet. And yet the two of them broke my heart every night when they sang "Drive," and you could hear a pin drop in the theatre during the big pause before the last note, all full of regret and resignation. The audience really understood the song's central metaphor. And clearly Harry and Helen belong together – just hear how amazing they sound together! In musicals, when people belong together, they sing together; when they're perfect for each other, they harmonize. Maybe Harry and Helen are the George and Martha of Night of the Living Dead.

The other laugh we always got also comes from well-drawn character writing. If we didn't already know these characters, this awkward small talk would be far less funny...
HELEN: How long have you been with Tom?
JUDY: Since our last year of high school. Two years.
HELEN: That’s nice…high school sweethearts.
JUDY: And you and Mr. Cooper?
HELEN: (a beat)…Do you live around here?

Our ticket sales weren't what we had hoped because of competition from the baseball playoffs and the World Series (Damn your excellence, Cardinals!), but the show still sold surprisingly well, all things considered, even on game nights. My friend and fellow New Liner Aaron Allen told me that now his two favorite New Line shows ever are Hair and Night of the Living Dead. That's pretty cool.

I'm incredibly proud of the work we've done. It was such fun working with this excellent group of actors, all of whom I'd worked with before. And I got to talk to the writers quite a bit, which is always really helpful. In my world, the stars of the musical theatre are the writers, not the actors. Maybe it's because I've written musicals and I know how incredibly hard it is to get everything right. Yet we keep getting to work on so many amazing, original, unconventional, new musicals in which the writers have really gotten everything right.

We're so grateful to Matt Conner and Stephen Gregory Smith for trusting us with their work. We video recorded the show for them so they could see it. After they watched it I got this message from Stephen: “I was very proud of your production. It was very strong and very powerful. The direction and performances were amazingly strong, and the new orchestrations are amazing! Thank you sooooooo much for taking this show on and doing such a superb job of it. So many of the moments left us breathless. We are eternally grateful for your exemplary and detailed work on the piece. The moments of silence were breathtaking. The last 10 minutes were unbearable. You had a great design support team. It was so great to see it as I dreamed it onstage.” Giant sigh of relief.

The way our audiences and the local reviewers embraced this show is all the proof you'll ever need that St. Louis is a kick-ass musical theatre town, but also that there is an audience here who really wants to go on an adventure when they go to the theatre, who wants a roller coaster ride, an audience that loves The Wild Party, Love Kills, Next to Normal, Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson, Bukowsical, and Night of the Living Dead.

The critics used words like stunning, powerful, frightening, terrifying, compelling, intense, creepy, must-see, chilling, haunting, unexpected, real, daring, entertaining, harrowing, dramatic, taut, intriguing, gritty, and riveting. I think they liked it.

We're so lucky we get to do this thing we do, and every single person who plops down their twenty is helping us do it. Sometimes I'll be sitting in the back of the house watching a performance and it'll hit me, how weird it is – we pretend to be other people and act out a story, and people pay us money to watch that happen. I mean, I know why we need theatre, why we need storytelling, but it does seem objectively very strange and so ancient, I guess. Then I think of Sondheim's "Invocation to the Gods," and I know I fully believe that theatre has magical properties. My rational side also knows that humans are evolved to best take in information through narrative.

I always remember this wonderful quote from Ben Kingsley: "The tribe has elected you to tell its story. You are the shaman/healer, that's what the storyteller is, and I think it's important for actors to appreciate that. Too often actors think it's all about them, when in reality it's all about the audience being able to recognize themselves in you." And it is ancient.

We have the best audience a weirdo alternative theatre company could ask for. Seriously. I hope we serve them well. St. Louis rocks.

Long Live the Musical!
Scott